Previous observations from our group and elsewhere (Rangan et al., 2009) showed that the renal NF-κB system is activated in CKD caused by renal ablation (Fujihara et al., 2007), adenine overload (Okabe et al., 2013) and adriamycin nephropathy (Faustino et al., 2018). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.