NFKB1 and chronic kidney disease: In particular, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) cascade was shown to be set off in rats with 5/6ths renal ablation or adenine overload, whereas NF-κB inhibition with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) was shown to prevent the development of renal injury in these CKD models (Fujihara et al., 2007; Okabe et al., 2013).