In a syngenic mouse model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis, gingerol (5 mg/kg) treatment induced caspase-3 activation and inhibited the orthotopic tumor growth as well as metastasis of mouse brain-metastatic 4T1Br4 mammary tumor cells to multiple organs such as lung, bone and brain (Martin et al., 2017). Here, CASP3 is linked to breast cancer.