In a randomized, double blinded, controlled trial in patients with multifocal high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and/or atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP), administration of high dose supplement containing lycopene (35 mg), selenium (55 μg), and 600 mg green tea catechins (GTCs) for 6 months, insignificantly decreased the prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, but increased incidence of prostate cancer at re-biopsy and expression of microRNAs associated with prostate cancer progression (Gontero et al., 2015). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate intraepithelial neoplasia.