INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease characterized by chronic progressive hyperglycemia, which is associated with abnormal insulin secretion and responses (American Diabetes Association, 2009), DM comprises Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) with insufficient insulin resulting from the destruction of pancreatic β cells, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with an insulin relative deficiency, namely insulin resistance, which gives rise to a chronically elevated blood glucose level (American Diabetes Association, 2010).