A few genes have been reported to be involved in SI without PCD, and some of these can also cause partial disruptions of visceral laterality, known as heterotaxy or situs ambiguus (SA), including ZIC3 [MIM:300265]15,16, CCDC11 [MIM:614759]17, CFAP52 [MIM:609804, also known as WDR16]18, NME7 [MIM:613465]19, and PKD1L1 [MIM:609721]20. This evidence concerns the gene CFAP52 and visceral heterotaxy.