For instance, PP treatment at nanomolar concentrations can reduce the proliferation of various CRC cell lines via suppression of β-catenin/Tcf439; PP inhibits the growth of HER2-positive breast cancer cells carrying PI3KCA mutations by inhibiting the phosphorylation of S6 and AKT proteins40; PP suppresses prostate cancer cell growth through direct targeting endogenous AR in LAPC4 and LNCaP cell lines, as well as in mouse prostate41,42. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and prostate cancer.