Consistent with the significantly increased LDHA mRNA expression and tumor tissue lactate concentrations observed in high-grade PCa biopsies (Figure 1), Figure 4A shows significantly increased LDH activity in TSCs with high-grade cancer (22.82 ± 5.05 mmols/min/mg) as compared to both benign TSCs (8.49 ± 1.05 mmols/min/mg) and TSCs with low-grade cancer (10.26 ± 2.68 mmols/min/mg). The gene discussed is LDHA; the disease is cancer.