NFKB1 and Sepsis: Since antioxidants acting in mitochondria have been advocated as a better protective strategy in sepsis than those that do not [10,11], and as NFκB has a fundamental and wide ranging role in propagation of immune responses in sepsis [20], we determined the effects of compartmentalized antioxidants on expression of genes involved in relevant pathways (see Supplementary Figure S2) at maximal NFκB protein expression and subsequent downstream effects on inflammatory mediator expression and mitochondrial function.