To test for autocrine activation of the Hh signaling pathway in tumor cells, we treated high SHH-expressing H2887 and HCC44 cells (Fig. 1c, d) with recombinant SHH (rSHH) 1 μg/ml, 5E1 10 μg/ml or KAAD-cyclopamine 300 nM and monitored the mRNA transcription of reported pathway target genes GLI1, PTCH1, HHIP, BMP4, BMP7, MYCN, CCND1, SOX9, and BMI1 by qPCR after treatment. Here, BMP4 is linked to neoplasm.