VEGFA and hepatocellular carcinoma: Whereas the most common approach to inhibiting the VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling pathway in HCC is inhibition of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinases and their downstream targets by small molecule/multitargeted tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors, ramucirumab (a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody) inhibits ligand activation of VEGFR2 [18].