Multivariate analysis revealed that the JACLS ALL-02 risk group, favorable cytogenetic/genetic abnormalities (ETV6-RUNX1 + HHD), and unfavorable cytogenetic/genetic abnormalities (hypodiploid and abnormalities other than ETV6-RUNX1, HHD, TCF3-PBX1, normal karyotype, and 11q23/KMT2A-related fusion) were associated with pEFS (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.