T2DM might be associated with DCM, which is characterized by myocardial fibrosis and which might be due to enhanced oxidative stress, upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, TNF-α) and apoptotic proteins (caspase-3) and increased activity of myocardial sympathetic nerve fibers. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.