PSEN1 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: Moreover, when applying this method to iPSCs from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with presenilin-1 (PS1) or presenilin-2 (PS2) mutations, cellular phenotypes such as increased amount of extracellular secretion of amyloid β42, abnormal oxygen consumption, and increased reactive oxygen species in the cells were observed in a shorter culture period than those previously reported.