VEGFA and atherosclerosis: The cardioprotective mechanism of circFndc3b was to interact with the RNA-binding protein FUS to regulate the VEGF-A signaling pathway.82 Since circRNAs stem from mRNAs, recently, several studies have also reported that lncRNA/circRNA-mRNA-miRNA networks play an important role in heart development and disease, such as AF and atherosclerosis.83–86 For example, Zhang et al86 found 7 circRNAs that functioned in cell adhesion, cell activation, and the immune response, which provided an overall better understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.