Despite this evidence, we cannot rule out a more significant contribution of TSLP to the inhibition of caspase-1 activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome in other models of airway inflammation where the NLRP3 may play a more dominant role, such as with rhinovirus44 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa45 infection, as well as exposure to cigarette and biomass fuel smoke46. Here, NLRP3 is linked to infection.