However, since asthma is related to airway fungal infections55, and allergic inflammation is considered an elaborate antifungal program56,57, inhibition of caspase-4/11 might however compromise antifungal immunity and possibly worsen disease, given that yeasts and molds can both activate caspase-11 and trigger pyroptosis58,59. The gene discussed is CASP4; the disease is asthma.