Furthermore, using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Mapper, we identified several pathways that were significantly enriched, such as the MAPK, TGF-β, and PI3K-Akt pathways, which indicated that SET7/9 was critically involved in breast cancer cell growth, survival, migration, and invasion (Fig. 2d). Here, TGFB1 is linked to breast carcinoma.