The induction of AM polarization to a M2 phenotype has been employed in other studies, where administration of IL-4 could reprogram the endogenous inflammatory macrophages to anti-inflammatory ones, and accelerate inflammation resolution and lung repair in a STAT6-dependent manner in both LPS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial pathogen-induced ALI mouse models [13]. Here, STAT6 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.