Kavanagh et al. found elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ in addition to increased levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the supernatant of EAC biopsies compared to healthy controls, indicating a mixed pro- and anti-inflammatory environment in esophageal adenocarcinomas [7]. Here, IFNG is linked to esophageal adenocarcinoma.