Although OxPLs have some protective effects, such as the activation of prostaglandin E2 production and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) formation, OxPLs strongly accumulate under high concentrations of atherosclerotic lesions, which led us to conclude that the OxPL molecule is an atherosclerosis promotor [96, 99]. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is atherosclerosis.