ACKR3 and central nervous system cancer: CXCR7 has been implicated in the growth, metastasis, and survival of tumor cell lines such as prostate [16], glioma [12], bladder [50], pancreatic [37], Kaposi sarcoma [51], ovarian [38], cervical [52], colon [39], uterine [40], kidney [40], liver [40], stomach [40], lung and breast [41] as well as hepatocellular carcinoma [3].