TGFB1 and prostate cancer: Several studies, both from preclinical models and prostate cancer trials, have suggested a pivotal role of survivin in prostate cancer pathophysiology19,25, for instance via the survivin/TGFβ/mTORC axis in IGF-1 mediated growth26 or the SHARPIN/NFkB axis in survivin/livin mediated tumorigenesis and invasiveness26,27.