Most recently, investigation of the interface between microglial activation and neuro-inflammation [9], the presence of widespread neuro-inflammation in the brains of CFS/ME patients [10], abnormal levels of serum TGF-β, a typical immune suppressive cytokine [11], and a nano-needle bioarray differentiating CFS/ME patients using blood samples [12], have provided new insights into the field. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.