The PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein can be detected in about 55% of ARMS cases, while the similar translocation t (1;13) (p36;q14), that fuses the PAX7 5’-end DNA-binding domain to FOXO1, occurs in a further 22% of ARMS patients [4,5]. The gene discussed is PAX7; the disease is alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.