Although further analyses will be required to fully understand the involvement of paraoxonase-2 in bladder tumorigenesis and in mechanisms leading to the development of chemoresistance, the data reported in this study seem to demonstrate that the enzyme could exert a great impact on tumor progression and susceptibility to chemotherapy, thus suggesting paraoxonase-2 as a novel and interesting molecular target for effective bladder cancer treatment. This evidence concerns the gene PON2 and urinary bladder carcinoma.