Our understanding of NSCLC has transformed with the discovery of molecular subtypes and therapeutically targetable oncogenic drivers, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene fusions/rearrangements [5,6,7]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.