IL2 and neoplasm: It is known to function as a potent immunosuppressor, affecting normal lymphocyte proliferation and maturation in the tumor microenvironment.32,33 IL2-STAT5 signaling is also critical for T-cell development and IL2 has been approved for cancer immunotherapy in treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma.34 IL2 suppression is also known to be mediated by TGF-beta.35 Our results highlight changes in these cancer hallmark pathways, observed in the different microenvironments.