CXCL16 and colorectal carcinoma: As mentioned before, compared to patients with pMMR-MSI-L CRC, those with dMMR-MSI-H CRC had higher levels of immuno-stimulatory cytokines and chemokines including IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL) 15, CCL3, and CXCL16 and lower levels of the monocyte chemotactic agent, CXCL14.