In this study, we tried to explore whether MSCs have protective effects against diabetic lung injury and found that MSCs could attenuate diabetic lung fibrosis by adjusting Sirt3-mediated oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, not only providing insights into the biochemical mechanisms of lung injury in diabetes but also establishing theoretical foundation for further exploration of MSC-based diabetic lung fibrosis therapeutics. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is diabetes mellitus.