Base on the currently available data and previously reported links between the GFL family members and tumor aggressiveness in solid cancers, including HNSCC, and our noted negative prognosis between GNDF stromal protein expression and overall survival in HPV-negative HNSCC, we do not recommend the systemic administration of GDNF for the treatment of RT-related xerostomia. This evidence concerns the gene GDNF and neoplasm.