MTOR and cardiac hypertrophy: Mice with suppressed CHIP expression and subjected to pressure overload had increased mortality rate associated with severe cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis (Schisler et al., 2013), impaired HSP70 expression (Zhang et al., 2005) and increased mTOR signaling (Dickey et al., 2008), while mechanical stress from MI or I/R injury in CHIP KO mice causes considerably larger, more damaging infarcts and decreased survival.