Also, differences in NGAL values (before and after treatment) were evaluated in patients ranked according to KDIGO-CKD classification which revealed a statistically significant decrease in serum NGAL levels in patients with KDIGO-CKD stage 1 (P=0.014) and stage 2 (P=0.034), while the decrease was statistically nonsignificant in patients with stage 3 (P=0.25), as shown in Figure 5. This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and chronic kidney disease.