In order to define the relationship between CAV1 and diabetes, in this review, we cover the state-of-the-art development and progress on CAV1 and diabetes, altogether describing the role of CAV1 in insulin secretion, insulin signaling, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, diabetic complications, diabetic drug effects on CAV1, and future therapeutic perspectives in the hope of supporting clinical applications of CAV1. The gene discussed is CAV1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.