Saito et al. found that TLR2, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mRNAs were upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with IgA nephropathy and IgA nephropathy vasculitis with nephritis compared with patients with thin basement membrane nephropathy [18]. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is hematuria, benign familial, 1.