IDO1 and atherosclerosis: In atherosclerosis, though many reports have provided conflicting evidence for pDCs’ role in mouse models (Daissormont et al., 2011; Döring et al., 2012; Macritchie et al., 2012; Sage et al., 2014), the most recent study showed that IDO1+ aortic pDCs could protect against atherosclerosis by induction of Tregs (Yun et al., 2016).