Specifically, it has been shown that lovastatin can ameliorate the cognitive deficits in animal models of neurofibromatosis type 1 (Nf1 mice) and Noonan syndrome [Ptpn11 (protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11) mice; Li et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2014], although it failed to rescue the deficits in a mouse model of Costello syndrome (Hras mice; Schreiber et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene PTPN11 and Costello syndrome.