SETD7 and chronic kidney disease: For example, Chen et al. reported that, in indoxyl sulfate-induced VSMCs, the characteristics of osteoblastic differentiation and calcification are manifested with the downregulation of the expression of histone methyltransferase Set7/9 and with autophagy activation, which indicates that Set7/9 downregulation and autophagy activation may be the key mechanisms of indoxyl sulfate-induced vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease [133].