IFIT1 and influenza: Other transcripts from interferon-stimulated genes, with anti-viral functions, were also up-regulated in both moderate and severe groups compared to controls including IFI44 (inhibits viral replication, p <  0.0001), IFIT1 and IFIT2 (inhibits viral mRNA translation initiation, p <  0.0001), MX1 (anti-influenza, p <  0.0001), OAS3 (degrades viral RNA, p <  0.0001).