IL4 and Stroke: IL‐4 receptors have been confirmed to be expressed on oligodendrocytes, and research has shown that the IL‐4/PPARγ signaling axis is responsible for this interaction, promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination after brain injury.96, 97 TGFα and CXCL4 also protect oligodendrocytes against ischemic stroke,98, 99 and further studies have determined that this protective effect on oligodendrocytes is mediated by the downstream factor STAT3 and thus contributes to white matter integrity and remyelination and improves neurological recovery in the subacute stage after stroke.