In 1 study of 65 patients with pancreatic cancer, 8 (12.3%) patients had mutation in the serine protease 1 gene (PRSS1) coding for the cationic trypsinogen (trypsin 1),33 with corresponding higher serum levels of trypsin compared to nonmutated cancers and controls. The gene discussed is PRSS1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.