By blocking this pathway, AFL exerts direct anti-cancer activity and boosts the anti-cancer activity of chemotherapy agents by preventing new tumour vessel growth, regressing existing tumour vessels, normalizing vasculature, negatively affecting tumour cell function, offsetting the effects of chemotherapy induction of VEGF levels and potentially inhibiting VEGF repression of dendritic cell function”2. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.