JUN and glioblastoma: Beside CBD-induced JNK-cJUN/AP1 activation and permanently active NF-κB p65-p50 in several GBM lines (including U87MG), we elucidated CBD-mediated activation of STAT3, a crucial transcription factor that together with AP1/cJun and NF-κB regulates transcription of numerous targeted genes, including cytokines, autophagic biomarkers, pro-inflammatory enzymes (such as COX2) and anti-apoptotic proteins (BCL2 and BCL-XL)39,40.