Using a co-culture system with tumor cells and cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK) cells, they further demonstrated that anti-PD-1 antibody treatment could reduce the death of T-cells, activate T-cell immunity with resultant growth inhibition of EML-ALK-rearranged NSCLC by CIK cells. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.