For Ki-67–negative esophageal tumors, HPV positivity was associated with superior disease-free and overall survival compared with HPV-negative/Ki-67–negative lesions (53.2 months vs 18.8 months; P = .009; and 54.8 months vs 25.8 months; P = .03, respectively) (eTable 5 in the Supplement). The gene discussed is MKI67; the disease is neoplasm of esophagus.