LRRK2 and neurodegenerative disease: Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are a major cause of familial and sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the midbrain (Cookson, 2017; Kim and Alcalay, 2017; Martin et al., 2014; Schulz et al., 2016).