IFNG and Salmonella Infections: Salmonella infection significantly increased the expression of IFN-γ (p = 0.023), IL-6 (p<0.001), IL-1β (p = 0.002), and LITAF (p<0.001) and reduced the expression of TGF-β4 (p<0.001) and IL-10 (p = 0.015); however, probiotic supplementation reduced the expression levels of IFN-γ (p = 0.045) and LITAF (p = 0.075) and increased IL-10 (p = 0.084) expression.