Similar to anti-tumor efficacy with G47Δ-IL12, NV1042 (i.e., another OHSV with IL-12 expression) treatment results in a striking reduction in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tumor volume compared with the tumors treated with NV1023 (i.e., OHSV lacking IL-12 expression) and NV1034 (i.e., OHSV lacking IL-12, but with GM-CSF expression) [32]. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is neoplasm.