It is particularly intriguing that, in our study, IFNα and IFNβ were ineffective towards chlamydial infection and replication in human synovial fibroblasts, since the protective role of IFN-I in the host defense to C. trachomatis has been evidenced in cervical epithelial cells [45]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and chlamydia trachomatis infectious disease.