In the ratio calculations, CEACAM5 mRNA was used as the denominator because of its high and relatively constant expression levels per cell in CC tumor cells [12,22] and KLK6, SLC35D3 and MUC2 as the numerators because they predict aggressive (KLK6 and SLC35D3) and non-aggressive (MUC2) properties of cancer cells. Here, CEACAM5 is linked to cancer.