GPT and hepatocellular carcinoma: This result revealed that the direct impact of rs975263 to aberrant AST/ALT ratio is limited without consideration of risk factors (confounders) including age and alcohol drinking in HCC patients, suggesting a possible synergistic effect of MACC1 rs4721888 and rs975263 polymorphic variants to HCC poor prognosis in HCC patients among drinkers (Table 4, 5).