Analysis of the French National Cohort of 74 patients with STAT3-deficiency indicated that 13 (18%) of them had developed at least one episode of pulmonary aspergillosis (11); these episodes were either chronic [aspergilloma and chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA)], allergic (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA) or mixed forms. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.